Last modified: 2020-02-08
Abstract
Determinants of low birth weight in Public Health Facilities, Kambata Tembaro Zone, South Ethiopia: a Case Control Study
Simegn Alemu1*, Mamo Nigatu2 , Tariku Bokila3 , Tsedeke Wolde4 and Abdulhalik Workicho2
Corresponding authors:
1Department of Epidemiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre markos,Ethiopia,
2Department of Epidemiology, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
3Department of RH, College of Health Sciences, Medewolabo University, P.O. Box 302, Bale, Ethiopia,
4Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
TB: tarikub2 @gmail.com
Abstract
Background: Birth weight plays an important role in infant mortality and morbidity, development, and future health of the child. Weight at birth is directly influenced by general level of the status of the mother, but, little is known about what determines being low birth weight among term neonates. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess the determinants of low birth weight among term neonates in health facilities of Kambata Tembaro Zone, SNNP Ethiopia.
Methods: Institution-based case control study was conducted.Term neonates born with birth weight less than 2500.00 g were grouped into cases and those term neonates with weight greater or equal to 2500.00g were grouped as Controls. A total of 282 participants (57 cases and 225 Controls) were included with controls to cases ratio of 4:1.Data were entered using Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was done to get candidate variables. Adjusted odd ratio was estimated from multiple logistic analysis with corresponding confidence interval to assess strength of association and statistical significance between independent and outcome variable.
Results: A total of 282 term neonates (57 cases and 225 controls) comprised the study participants. The mean birth weight of the Neonates was 2041.23 g. (S.D± 339.001) for Cases and 376.00g (S.D± 438.572) for Controls. Household food in-security (AOR= 6.74; 95% CI(2.78-16.36).Sex of neonates_(AOR=2.74;95%CI(1.24-6.05) Iron supplementation (AOR=9.71;95%CI(3.51-26.88), additional food during pregnancy_(AOR=5.49 ;95%CI (2.49,12.11) and anemia AOR=3.51;95%CI(1.56-7.85) were significantly associated with LBW at term.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding indicate that public health interventions targeting on increasing nutritional Knowledge and Attitude during pregnancy with special emphasis for food in secured women will help to reduce the risk of delivering LBW babies.
Key words: Determinants, Low birth weight, Case control Kambata Tembaro zone